The Kotlin class ships were cold-war era destroyers
built for the Soviet Navy. The Russian name for
this class was Project 56. Following Project 41
the Neustrashimy Ñlass, was made as planned, complete
with a displacement of 3230 tons. The first ship
was laid down in March 1953, and just 27 units
were built. On artillery and anti-submarine armament
they were significantly inferior to American destroyers
at the time.
The basic design of the Project 56 were classic
destroyers, whose main armament consisted of 4
working universal caliber 130 mm in two closed
turrets, with characteristic large sizes, fore
and aft. They turret mounted, versatile, and automatic.
Arms were complemented by 4 quad-linked 45 mm
anti-aircraft guns (position on the bow, stern
and one on each side). The ships had 10 torpedo
launchers in two launchers on board, in the axis
of symmetry of the hull. ASW armament was weak
- corresponding to the standards of World War
II, and it formed two chute and six depth charges
projectors.
The ships were were made of steel, and only some
elements of alloy. The hull was divided into 16
main transverse watertight compartments. The ships
designed crossover - two boilers and one turbine
in two joint compartments separated by two others,
in order to increase survivability. The consequence
was the silhouette of the ship was two spaced,
short, wide and tilted stacks. In combination
with high sheer bow (reaching to a height of 8,35
m above the waterline) and strongly inclined,
straight stem, it gave ships an elegant look.
The main truss mast was located just behind the
superstructure bow, followed by the first chimney.
Behind the complex superstructure of the forward
torpedo was a low superstructure amidships with
a second, lower mast, two positions antiaircraft
guns on the sides, artillery radar platform and
the second chimney. On the aft superstructure
was the second torpedo battery, followed by a
small superstructure aft position.
Fourteen ships of this series were upgraded according
to the Project 56PLO. The second torpedo tube
and bombers were removed from the ships, anti-submarine
defense posts were equipped, two RBU-6000 or RBU-2500
were installed. The remaining torpedo tube was
adapted for firing both anti-ship and anti-submarine
torpedoes.
Destroyer Byvaly on 03 September 1952 was enlisted
in the lists of the ships of the Soviet Fleet.
Laid down on 06 May 1953 at the Shipyard ¹445
named after 61 kommunara, Nikolaev (yard No.1202),
launched on 31 March 1954, commissioned on 21
December 1955 and was assigned to the Black Sea
Fleet.
On 24 June 1959 the ship was transferred to the
Northern Fleet.
From 23 June 1962 to 28 October 1965 modernized
at the Shipyard ¹7 in Tallin according to the
Project 56PLO.
On 17 July 1988 ã. the ship was excluded from
the lists of the Northern Fleet.
Specifications |
Displacement (tons): |
Standard: |
2667 |
Full load: |
3230 |
Dimensions (m): |
Length: |
126,1 |
Beam: |
12,76 |
Draft: |
4,26 |
Speed (knots): |
38 |
Range: |
3880 nmi (14,3 knots), 3850
nmi (14,7 knots), 3090 nmi (17,9 knots), 685
nmi (37,9 knots), 642 nmi (38 knots) |
Autonomy (days): |
10 |
Propulsion: |
2x36000 hp TV-8 GTZA, 2 fixed
pitch propellers, 2x400 kW turbine-type generators,
2x200 kW diesel-generators |
Armament: |
2x2 130 mm SM-2-1 (850 rounds)
- Sfera-56 with radar Yakor-M1 fire control
system
4x4 45 mm SM-20ZIF (13200 rounds) - 2 Fut-B
radars
2x5 533 mm PTA-53-56 torpedo tubes (10 53-57,
53-59 torpedoes) - Stalingrad T-56 with radar
Zarya fire control system (on Smyshleny at
first - Volna radar, on Nakhodchivy - Volna
radar not changed)
6 BMB-2 (30 BB-1 or BSP) - Shar-U fire control
system
2 depth charge throwers (18 BB-1 or BSP)
50 KB-3 mines or 50 AMD-50 mines or 50 GMZ
mines or 50 AGSB mines or 36 AMD-1000 mines |
Electronics: |
Fut-N air/surface search radar
(Rif on some ships), Neptun navigation radar,Machta
P4 ESM radar system, Nickel-K and Khrom-K
IFF, ARP-50 radio direction finder, Pegas-2
sonar |
Complement: |
284 (19 officers) |
|