The
Gnevny class were a group of 29 destroyers built for the Soviet Navy in the late
1930s. They are sometimes known as the Gremyashchiy class and the official Soviet
designation was Project 7. These ships fought in World War II. The Gnevnys
had an overall length of 112.8 meters, a beam of 10.2 meters, and a draft of 4.8
meters at deep load. The ships were significantly overweight, almost 200 metric
tons heavier than designed, displacing 1612 metric tons at standard load and 2039
metric tons at deep load. Their crew numbered 197 officers and sailors in peacetime
and 236 in wartime. The ships were powered by two geared steam turbine sets,
each driving a single three-bladed 3.18-meter propeller using steam provided by
three water-tube boilers. The turbines, rated at 48,000 shp (36,000 kW), were
intended to give the ships a speed of 37 knots. The Gnevny-class ships mounted
four 130-millimeter B-13 guns in two pairs of superfiring single mounts fore and
aft of the superstructure. Each gun was provided with 150 rounds. The manually
operated mounts had an elevation range between -5° to +45° and had a rate
of fire of 6-10 rounds per minute. They fired a 33.4-kilogram shell at a muzzle
velocity of 870 m/s, which gave them a range of 25,597 meters. Anti-aircraft defense
was provided by two 55-caliber 76.2-millimeter 34-K AA guns and two 46-caliber
45-millimeter 21-K AA guns, all in single mounts as well as a pair of 12.7-millimeter
DK or DShK machine guns. The ships were equipped with six 533 mm torpedo tubes
in two rotating triple mounts amidships; each tube was provided with a reload.
The ships could also carry a maximum of either 60 or 95 mines and 25 depth charges.
Destroyer Bystry laid down on 17 April 1936 at the Shipyard named after
61 kommunara, Nikolaev (yard No.320), launched on 05 November 1936, commissioned
on 07 March 1939 and was assigned to the Black Sea Fleet. Began on 22 June
1941, Bystry was assigned to the 2nd Destroyer Division and was awaiting a scheduled
refit in Sevastopol. On 1 July 1941, she departed for Nikolayev for further work,
but struck a mine while leaving Sevastopol, killing 24 and wounding 81 crewmen.
The explosion flooded the forward half of the ship as well as the boiler rooms
and her bow grounded in shallow water. Bystry was refloated on 13 July
and drydocked the following day for repairs. She was in very poor condition and
her hull was patched to move her out of the drydock pending a final decision on
whether to repair her. The ship was struck by several bombs during a German airstrike
in September and sank. Her guns were removed 20 November - 15 December and used
to reinforce the coastal defenses of Sevastopol. Her bow was later salvaged to
repair her sister Besposhchadny. Specifications |
Displacement (tons): | Standard: | 1612 |
Full load: | 2039 |
Dimensions (m): | Length: | 112,8 |
Beam: | 10,2 |
Draft: | 4,8 | Speed
(knots): | 38,3 | Range: |
2640 nmi (20 knots) | Autonomy (days): | 10 |
Propulsion: | 2 geared steam
turbines, 48,000 shp (36,000 kW), 3 water-tube boilers, 2 shafts |
Armament: | 4x1 130-mm guns
2x1 76,2-mm AA guns 2x1 45-mm AA guns 2x1 12,7-mm AA machineguns 2x3
533 mm torpedo tubes 60-95 mines 25 depth charges | Complement: | 197
(15 officers, 44 warrant officers) |
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